| After finishing of fabrics | ||
| Source：Suzhou Lewan Needle textile Co., Ltd Release time：2018-03-27 | ||
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Fabric finishing is to give effect to the color, shape effect (smooth, suede, crisp, etc.) and real effective (impermeable, non-felting, DP, borers, fire, etc.) technical approach, fabric finishing is by improving the fabric of the main methods of chemical or physical appearance and feel, taking performance enhancing or imparting special features of the process, the textile "icing on the cake" in the process. After finishing methods can be divided into physical / mechanical finishing and chemical finishing two categories, according to the purpose of finishing and produce different effects can be divided into basic finishing, finishing the appearance and functionality of finishing. After finishing purposes: 1. Neat and uniform so that the textile width, the size and shape stability. As fixed (pull) amplitude, mechanical or chemical shrink, wrinkle-free and heat-setting and so on. 2. Enhance the appearance of textiles: textile products, including improving luster, whiteness, increase or decrease the textile surface fluff. Such as whitening, calendering, electro-optical, Asian Man, sanding, shearing and shrink it and so on. 3. Improve textile feel: The main use of chemical or mechanical methods such as making textiles get soft, smooth, plump, stiff, thin or thick, such as integrated touch feeling. Such as softness, stiffness, weight gain and the like. 4. Textiles improve durability: The main use of chemical methods to prevent sunlight, atmospheric, or microorganisms or corrosion damage to the fiber, to extend the service life of the textile. Such as decay, mildew finishing. 5. Impart special properties of textiles: includes textiles have some protective properties or other special features. Such as flame retardant, anti-bacterial, water repellent, oil repellent, UV and antistatic. Fabric finishing technology development toward product functionality, differentiation, gentrification, processing diversification, depth-oriented development, with emphasis on increasing take product performance, increase value-added products. In recent years, the introduction of technology from other areas learn new technologies (such as low-temperature plasma treatment, bio-engineering, ultrasonic technology, electron beam radiation processing, inkjet printing technology, microencapsulation technology, nanotechnology, etc.), in order to improve processing depth, get a good finishing products. As human concern for the environmental pollution and destruction, more and more attention to health, to promote "low carbon" economy, after finishing technical requirements for environmentally friendly "green" processing, the production of "clean", "low carbon" textile products. The basic fabric finishing methods are: a stable size, improve the appearance of finishing methods, improve the feel finishing methods to optimize the performance, so that the fabric to get versatile, high value-added finishing methods, so that the fabric high-class finishing methods, to meet the special requirements of the finishing methods. Various finishing processes are as follows: 1. Shrinking Shrinking is physically reduce fabric shrinkage after flooding in order to reduce shrinkage of the process. Mechanical pre-shrinking is the fabric first by spraying vapor or spray to wet, and then subjected to mechanical squeezing through, making buckling wave height increases, then by pine drying. 2. Tenter Tenter is the use of cellulose, silk, wool and other fibers in wet conditions has plasticity, will gradually widen the width of the fabric to the required size for drying, so that the fabric to form a stable process, also known as fixed width finishing. 3. Sizing Sizing refers to the fabric dipping and drying the slurry to obtain a finishing process thick and stiff feel the effect. 4. Heat setting Heat setting is to make the thermoplastic fibers and blended or mixed fabrics form a relatively stable process, mainly used in synthetic blends and processing shrinkage deformation after heat easily, such as nylon or polyester. After heat setting the fabric can improve dimensional stability, feel more stiff. 5. Whitening Whitening is the use of light, complementary color principle to increase the whiteness of the textile process, also known as plus white. Whitening method there are two blue and fluorescent whitening. 6. Calendering, electro-optical and embossing Calendering is the use of fiber plasticity in hot and humid conditions, the surface of the fabric rolled flat or rolled out parallel fine twill fabric to enhance the luster of the process. Is a flat calender roll and a soft hard hard nip rollers, after the rolled fabric, the yarn is compressed, smooth surface, gloss, enhanced feel stiff. Soft calender is composed by two soft soft nip rollers, rolled through the fabric, yarn slightly flattened, glossy soft, soft. Is the use of electro-optical power heated calender rolls right fabrics. Embossing pattern is engraved with male pattern steel rollers and soft rollers nip in the hot rolled condition, showing shiny fabric patterns available. 7. Buffing, sanding With a sand roll (or band) will grind the surface layer of the fabric and dense short hairs of the process known as buffing, also known as sanding, sanding finishing weft yarn can simultaneously produce fluff and fluff short and dense. 8. Fluff Fluff with dense thorn needle or tick the fabric fibers from the surface, forming a layer of fluff process, also known as brushed finishing, fluff mainly used for woolen fabrics, acrylic fabrics and cotton fabrics. Fluff layer can improve the fabric of warm, improve the appearance and feel soft. 9. Shearing Shearing is the process by shearing machine to cut the fabric surface of unwanted hair. Its purpose is to make the fabric textured clear, smooth surface, or make fluff, fluff or suede fleece fabric neatly. General wool, velvet, faux fur and carpets and other products require shearing. 10. Soft Soft finish with mechanical finishing and chemical finishing two methods, mechanical soft finish by rubbing the fabric repeatedly bent to achieve, after finishing a soft effect is not ideal. Chemical softening finishing is applied to the fabric softeners, reduce the friction coefficient between the fibers and yarns to obtain a soft, smooth feel too, the effect is significant and finishing. 11. Stiffening Fabric dipping and drying to obtain a thick slurry and process stiffness effect is to improve fabric hand finishing methods for the purpose. The slurry formed by natural high-molecular substance having a certain viscosity or synthetic, forming a thin film on the fabric so that the fabric to obtain a smooth, stiff, thick, feeling of fullness, etc., and to improve strength and abrasion resistance of fabric. 12. Liquid ammonia treatment Cotton fabric with liquid ammonia processing, eliminate internal stress fibers to improve their gloss and wearability, reducing fabric shrinkage, increase elasticity, tensile strength and moisture absorption, soft, good elasticity, wrinkle resistance, dimensional stability. 13. Weight gain Weight gain is mainly to compensate the weight loss by the degummed silk fabric after the fabric by chemical means to increase the weight of the yarn manufacturing process. Main methods: Tin aggravated method, single Banning weight method (does not apply to white or light-colored silk fabrics), resin weight gain. 14. Weight Loss Consolidation is the use of hydrolysis of the weight of polyester produced at a higher temperature and a certain concentration of sodium hydroxide solution, the gradual dissolution of the fiber, fabric weight loss (typically 25% to 20%), and the plurality of depressions formed on the surface, so that the light reflected from the surface of the fibers exhibit a diffuse reflection, the formation of a soft sheen, while the gap between the fibers in the yarn is increased, thereby forming a silk style process. 15. Crabbing It is boiled wool fabric under tension with a hot water bath treatment, process and make it flat rectify order in the subsequent wet processing is not easy to deformation. Worsted wool fabric is mainly used for finishing, and wash it after singeing conducted. Crabbing finishing fabrics can get good dimensional stability, avoiding deformation occurs after wet processing, fold phenomenon, feel also improved. 16. Decating Decating finishing is the use of wool in hot and humid conditions, sexual stereotypes, making wool fabric by steaming form stable process feel, gloss improvement. Decating mainly used for wool fabric and blended products can also be used for silk, viscose fiber, felt fabric, the size of the finished fabric decating form stable, yet smooth surface, gloss natural, soft and elastic. 17. Press it Pressure it is under hot and humid conditions finishing mechanically pressurized so smooth wool fabric to enhance shine and improve the feel of the process. Press it in two ways: one is rotary press it, called it hot, wool fabric even after steam injection to wet between heating the cheese and matching curved care beds by squeezing and rubbing comfort iron formation, and give luster, but the effect is not lasting. Another electric pressure it is cardboard, fabric after voltage soft gloss, feel stiff and have a temporary effect, but large equipment, low productivity, mainly for worsted wool fabric. 18. Fulling Finishing is the use of felting wool felting wool fabric makes the process closely and thick pile formed on the surface, also known as shrink it. Felted fabrics can improve the feel and appearance, increase its warmth. Fulling especially for woolen fabrics. 19. Anti-felting Anti-felting finishing of wool fabric to prevent or reduce shrinkage in the wash and taking deformation, so that clothing dimensionally stable process. The principle is partially chemically etched flakes, changes the state of its surface, covered with a layer of polymer, or on its surface, and the adhesion of the fiber interlaced points, thereby removing the basis for generating felting. 20. Wrinkle Crease finishing is to change the fiber of the original composition and structure, improving its elasticity, the fabric crease in taking the process is not easy. It is mainly used pure or blended fabric spun cellulose fibers can also be used for silk fabrics. Twenty one. Crease Finishing the formation of the fabric crease is irregular and varying process wrinkles. The methods are: one is mechanical compression methods produce irregular uneven fabric wrinkle appearance, such as hand-wrinkle, wrinkle rolled rope, packing, etc.; Another is to use rubbing wrinkling, such as flow dyeing and drying drum wrinkling. Mainly used for cotton fabrics, polyester / cotton blended and polyester filament fabrics. Twenty two. Water repellent finish Water repellent finishing water-repellent agent is to use a chemical treatment to reduce the surface tension of the fibers, resulting in water droplets wet the surface of the process, also known as breathable waterproof finishing. Suitable for raincoats, travel bags and other materials. Press the durability of water repellent effect can be divided into two kinds of semi-durable and durable. Twenty three. Oil repellent finishing Oil repellent and oil-repellent finishing treatment with fabric, refused to process the oil surface is formed on the fibers. After finishing oil repellent fabric, and can resist water, and good breathability. Mainly used for taking senior raincoats and specialty materials. Twenty four. Antistatic finishing Because of the low moisture content of synthetic fabrics, high crystallinity and other features easy generation and accumulation of static electricity. Chemical antistatic finish is applied to the fiber surface, to increase the surface hydrophilicity, the process to eliminate or reduce electrostatic fibers. The main method is formed on the surface of hydrophobic fibers electrically conductive layer, the surface of the fiber hydrophilic, but also allows the fiber surface ionization. Antistatic fabric finishing effects and persistence are not as weaving conductive fibers, yarns blended or mixed more effective. 25. Finishing easy decontamination Soil release finishing the surface of the fabric is to make dirt easily removed by conventional washing method, and dirt washed off during the washing process Buzhi Yu dirt back process. The basic principle is easy to organize the chemical decontamination method of increasing the hydrophilicity of the surface of the fiber, the fiber and reduce the surface tension of water between the surface of the hydrophilic layer is preferably capable of expanding upon wetting, thereby generating a mechanical force, so that the dirt can automatically leave. Padding the fabric surface layer of hydrophilic polymer material. 26. Corrosion of the mold finishing Corrosion of the mold is generally applied to the chemical fungicide finishing in a cellulosic fiber textile, to kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms. To prevent textiles mold rot during storage, available for product color and color fastness no significant impact on human health is also relatively safe preservative treatment such as salicylic acid, cellulose fiber textiles for use under the conditions of an open-air rain, available water leaching preservative comparison conducted padding process, cellulose fiber degeneration after treatment, but also has good mildew corrosion resistance. 27. Moth finishing Moth is mainly for wool fabric finishing susceptible to insects, while the chemically treated wool fabric, poisoned borers, or make wool structure changed, the food is no longer a moth to achieve moth purposes. 28. Flame retardant finishing After some textile processing chemicals burning fire or a fuel that is not easy to put out, this process is called fire-retardant finishing. The main principle is to change the course of the reaction when the fibers fire, generating substance with a strong dehydration under combustion conditions, the fiber carbonization and easy to produce combustible volatile substances, thereby preventing the spread of flames. The decomposition of non-combustible gas flame, thereby diluting the combustible gas and shadowing effects from the fiber carbonized fiber nonflammable or prevent oxidation. 29. Coating finish Coating finish is evenly coated with a layer or multi-layer film covering the surface of the fabric (or double). Modern fabric coating applied more widely, add some additives in polymer materials, coated fabrics can have a variety of special properties. 30. Luminous Finishing Using luminous coating finishing fabrics can create a special function of clothing, which manufactures fabrics in matt or dark of night can appear bright signs. Photoluminescence two kinds of organic and inorganic solids, mainly high-purity sulfide. 31. Reflective finishing Reflective consolidation is a processing method using glass beads or colored transparent plastic microspheres adhered to the fabric surface. By finishing the fabric encounters the reflective beam in the dark to produce directional reflection. 32. UV Finishing UV finishing agent primarily to add UV (ultraviolet reflective agents or UV absorbers) on natural fiber fabrics, its methods are mainly two: Padding and coating method. 33. Antibacterial deodorant Is the use of anti-bacterial deodorant antibacterial harmless substances by chemical bonding to enable them to remain on the fabric, after a slow release later reached antibacterial effect. The most commonly used method is a silicone quaternary ammonium salt method. | ||
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